Monday, December 30, 2019

Cholera Map of Dr. John Snow

In the mid-1850s, doctors and scientists knew there was a deadly disease called the cholera poison rampaging through London, but they werent sure how it was being transmitted. Dr. John Snow used mapping and other techniques that would later be known as medical geography to confirm that the transmission of the disease occurred by swallowing contaminated water or food. Dr. Snows mapping of the 1854 cholera epidemic has saved countless lives. The Mysterious Disease While we now know that this cholera poison is spread by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, scientists in the early 19th century thought it was spread by miasma (bad air).  Without knowing how an epidemic spreads, there is no way to stop it. When a cholera epidemic occurred, it was deadly. Since cholera is an infection of the small intestine, it results in extreme diarrhea. This often leads to massive dehydration, which can create sunken eyes and blue skin. Death can occur within hours. If treatment is given quickly enough, the disease can be overcome by giving the victim a lot of fluids, either by mouth or intravenously. In the 19th century, there were no cars or telephones and so getting quick treatment was often difficult. What London needed was someone to figure out how this deadly disease spread. The 1849 London Outbreak While Cholera has existed in Northern India for centuries (and it is from this region that regular outbreaks are spread) it was the London outbreaks that brought cholera to the attention of British physician Dr. John Snow. In an 1849 cholera outbreak in London, a large proportion of the victims received their water from two water companies. Both of these water companies had the source of their water on the Thames River, just downstream from a sewer outlet. Despite this coincidence, the prevailing belief of the time was that it was bad air that was causing the deaths. Dr. Snow felt differently, believing that the disease was caused by something ingested. He wrote down his theory in the essay, On the Mode of Communication of Cholera, but neither the public nor his peers were convinced. The 1854 London Outbreak When another cholera outbreak hit the Soho area of London in 1854, Dr. Snow found a way to test his ingestion theory. Dr. Snow plotted the distribution of deaths in London on a map. He determined that an unusually high number of deaths were taking place near a water pump on Broad Street (now Broadwick Street). Snows findings led him to petition the local authorities to remove the pumps handle. This was done and the number of cholera deaths was dramatically reduced. The pump had been contaminated by a dirty baby diaper that had leaked the cholera bacteria into the water supply. Cholera Is Still Deadly Although we now know how cholera is spread and have found a way to treat patients who have it, cholera is still a very deadly disease. Striking quickly, many people with cholera dont realize how serious their situation is until it is too late. Also, new inventions such as airplanes have aided the spread of cholera, letting it surface in parts of the world where cholera has otherwise been eradicated. According to the World Health Organization, there are up to 4.3 million cases of cholera each year, with approximately 142,000 deaths. Medical Geography The work of Dr. Snow stands out as one of the most famous and earliest cases of medical geography, where geography and maps are utilized to understand the spread of disease. Today, specially trained medical geographers and medical practitioners routinely use mapping and advanced technology to understand the diffusion and spread of diseases such as AIDS and cancer. A map is not just an effective tool for finding the right place, it can also save a life.

Sunday, December 22, 2019

Theodore Roosevelt And Woodrow Wilson - 861 Words

Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson are two extraordinary leaders who symbolized the dreams and aspirations of the American people during a tumultuous time in U.S. history. Both men were well versed in foreign policy and held great leadership qualities with firm views for the future of our country. Roosevelt took office in 1901 following the assassination of President William McKinley, becoming the youngest president to date. He had a motto of speak softly but carry a big stick. President Roosevelt quickly offered America the square deal, taking power away from the industrialists and controlling big business from the White House. These actions earned him the title of TrustBuster. Roosevelt used American power for American interests and was quoted as saying, I am an American first and last. Although it can be argued that Roosevelt was too impulsive in his actions, it s difficult to ignore his tremendous leadership qualities. The average citizen felt Roosevelt was authoritative and t ough as much as he was positive, warm and funny. His authoritative qualities shown brightly in his quote, to Hell with the constitution, America needs heat, threatening a government takeover after a large number of coal miners went on strike. Roosevelt was an imperialist and a realist who believed everything he did was in the name of justice. He was an industrious man with a strong sense of pride. Lastly, Roosevelt was known for being militaristic, believing war was proof of manhood.Show MoreRelatedWoodrow Wilson And Theodore Roosevelt Essay1463 Words   |  6 Pagesearly 1900s. The two frontrunners to answer the puzzling questions were the 26th president, Theodore Roosevelt, and the 28th president Woodrow Wilson. They both wanted the betterment of America both domestically and at the world stage. However, the assertive nature of Theodore Roosevelt made him an exemplar of American ideals and democracy for the rest of the world. Woodrow Wilson and Theodore Roosevelt were vastly different by nature, one a macho, military-man, explorer, and the other, an academicRead MoreWoodrow Wilson and Theodore Roosevelt Essay440 Words   |  2 PagesWoodrow Wilson and Theodore Roosevelt Woodrow Wilson and Theodore Roosevelt were two of America’s great presidents. This is why I feel that both men were equally important in what they did and said they would do. Both in their own ways have added a little of what makes this country what it is today. Both had their own beliefs of how reform, empowerment of the people and foreign policy should be accomplished. As president, the main goal was to do what they felt best for the American peopleRead More Comparing Woodrow Wilson and Theodore Roosevelt Essay1555 Words   |  7 PagesComparing Woodrow Wilson and Theodore Roosevelt During the 20th century many different presidents went in and out of the doors of the White House serving the country the best they could. However, two of these men hold a place in American history as perhaps the greatest leaders that had ever served our country. Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson are two extraordinary men that symbolize the hope and aspirations of the American people during such a tumultuous time in United States historyRead Morecompare and contrast of Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson808 Words   |  4 PagesPresidency of Woodrow Wilson and Theodore Roosevelt By HIS 204 American History since 1865 Instructor: Kathleen Scarpena November 25, 2013 Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson are two of America’s most celebrated presidents during the 20th century. Theodore Roosevelt who was a Republican had a military background and created the American conservation movement. Theodore Roosevelt was also once shot by an would be assassin and still managed to give his speech. Roosevelt was famous by hisRead MoreTheodore Roosevelt And Woodrow Wilson : The Progressive Era1651 Words   |  7 Pages During the Progressive Era from 1890-1920, America saw three new presidents: Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, and Woodrow Wilson. This period of time is known as the Progressive Era due to the political and social changes made to move away from a laissez-faire government to a more active government by the administrations of these presidents. Prior to this period, Americans had to suffer through poor working conditions, low wages, social and class inequality and become victims to largeRead MoreTheodore Roosevelt vs Woodrow Wils on Essay880 Words   |  4 PagesCompare and contrast the foreign policies of Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson. Which do you think was a more effective president? Why? In foreign affairs, the white mans burden helped to justify Roosevelts New Imperialism in foreign policy. Uncivilized nations would gain eventual independence once they had conformed to the American model of government and democracy. Roosevelts corollary to the Monroe Doctrine set up the U.S. as policeman in the western hemisphere. Under TR, theRead MoreHerbert Croly, Eugene V. Debs, Theodore Roosevelt And Woodrow Wilson865 Words   |  4 Pageswe are accustomed to today are things that once brought controversy and were fought over rigorously, both for and against. And while it can be difficult to truly get inside the minds of those such as Herbert Croly, Eugene V. Debs, Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson due to the difference in the language, it is intriguing to read their opinions. All make convincing arguments, but their perspective is what makes each of them unique. Herbert Croly was a very intellectual man, as all involved inRead MoreThe American Of American Identity Essay1520 Words   |  7 Pagestwo front-runners to answer the puzzling questions were the 26th president, Theodore Roosevelt, and the 28th president Woodrow Wilson. They both wanted the betterment of America, both domestically and at the world stage. However, unlike Woodrow Wilson, the assertive nature of Theodore Roosevelt made him an exemplar of American ideals and democracy for American and rest of the world. Woodrow Wilson and Theodore Roosevelt were vastly different by nature, one a macho, military-man, explorer, and theRead MoreCompare And Contrast Theodore Roosevelt And The Progressive Era755 Words   |  4 PagesDuring the Progressive Era, two presidents, Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson, were very essential and celebrated during their time. Roosevelt became president in 1901 and was probably one of the most influential Republicans ever to have power over the American people (â€Å"Theodore Roosevelt.†). Being a democrat, Woodrow Wilson ran his campaign in a very different way than President Roosevelt. He became president in 1913 and was easily one of the best presidents the United States ever had, leadingRead MoreRoosevelt vs. Wilson Essay514 Words   |  3 PagesRoosevelt vs. Wilson Two great men, two great presidents, led our nations to excellency and great success. Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson were hard working, intelligent men who were very familiar, but were also different in many aspects. Through their dedication to our country and their passion of politics they have made our country better. There were many similarities between Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson. The special relationship with their fathers was a quality that

Saturday, December 14, 2019

Barack Obama`S Speech Analysis Free Essays

INTRODUCTION The aim of this paper is to examine the strategies of President Barack Obama, and its ideological component, also why Barack Obama use exact words and how strong is the influence. The topic has been studied before by Juraj Horvath (2010),Jana Langrova(2010) and Junling Wang(2010). Therefore, the goal of the conducted research paper is to find out which of the political are used more often in the speech of Barack Obama, and what does it mean. We will write a custom essay sample on Barack Obama`S Speech Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now The enabling objectives to get the research goal are the following: ) To read and analyze the secondary sources on the research topic 2) To collect the empirical data 3) To implement the necessary research method 4) To create a table, showing the most frequent terms. The hypothesis is that convinced political terms are used more often in the speech of Barack Obama than other terms. The research methods of research applied in the study: Library research: the study of the secondary sources on the research theme. Quantitative empirical research method: corpus-based quantitative research. The main research method applied in the study was quantitative frequency analysis. Chapter 1 is devoted to the secondary sources analysis on the research topic. Chapter 2 explains the research methodology applied in the study. Chapter 3 presents the research results and discussion on finding. Appendix contains the table presenting the most frequently used terms. Analysis of Secondary Sources (The Literature Review) Chapter I presents the literature connected with analysis of Barack Obama`s speeches. The power and influence of Barack Obama speeches are discussed in this text; also his expressed ideology and its manipulations are mentioned then. Opinions and thoughts of Juraj Horvath â€Å"Critical Discourse Analysis of Obama`s Political Discourse† and Jana Langrova â€Å"Ideology in Obama`s Prague Speech in the Mirror of Discourse Analysis† (2010) are presented and compared in Chapter I. Juraj Horvath used quantitative method to write his analysis, and when he counted all the words, what he were interested in, he expressed the ideas, which are very remarkable. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ new†, which characterizes the strategy and ideas of the newly sworn president and his administration†, this extract is about Barack Obama`s often used word â€Å"new†. Juraj Horvath`s opinion about the use of this word is very interesting. He considers that the fact of using the word â€Å"new†, so often as Barack Obama does, shows his ideological aspects and promptitude for the innovations. Jana Langrova looked for the rhyme, speed and phonetic features of Barack Obama`s speech, but her conclusion and thoughts are very similair to Juraj Horvath. Jana Langrova considered that his speech employs rhyme, repetition and stress. He also stresses the word â€Å"new† in his speeches very often, and Jana Langrova noticed it. â€Å"There is new energy to harness, new jobs to be created, new schools to built†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ,-these are Barack Obama`s words which were analyzed by two people. To summarize, Chapter I deals with the secondary sources concerned with previous analysis of the speeches of Barack Obama. Methodology This Chapter II will deal with the methodology used in this research. First the research method will be presented and then the research procedure will be described step by step. There are many methods to analyze the text, but theme of chosen paper will be analyzed by quantitative method. Quantitative research is used generally in social sciences such as political science. Qualitative methods construct information just on the particular cases studied, and any more main conclusions are only hypotheses. Quantitative methods may be used to verify, which hypotheses are true. Advocates of quantitative methods dispute that only by use of such methods can the social sciences become truly scientific, also advocates of qualitative methods argue that quantitative methods tend to obscure the reality of the public phenomena under the study, because they abandon the non-measurable issues, which could be the most valuable. In this paper the author was used to gather quantitative data —to deal with information connected with numbers and anything that is measurable. Statistics, tables and graphs will be presented as the results of these methods in appendix. The following chapter will be devoted to giving the results. Findings and Discussion The world of linguistics has been affected he and stimulated by Barack Obama`s individuality. Many new words have been created. Obamania, is linking with the passion and obsession he has been accepted and favored by many. Barack Obama`s ideology and philosophy have been referred to as one of the most confusing and difficult ideologies to analyze. In the speech of Barack Obama the strong religious content ideas can be found, for example: 1) â€Å"Thank you. God bless you. And God bless the United States of America. † 2) â€Å"This is the source of our confidence – the knowledge that God calls on us to shape an uncertain destiny. † 3) â€Å"†¦on the horizon and God’s grase upon us, we carried forth that great gift of freedom and delivered it safely to future generations. † 4) â€Å"†¦the God – given promise that all are equal, all are free and all deserve a chance to pursue their full measure of happiness. † That fact that he also uses the direct and indirect speeches from Bible can all help Barack Obama to win the supporting of audience. The fact, which was very interesting to find out was that Barack Obama uses the words â€Å"we†, â€Å"Americans†, â€Å"each of us†, â€Å"all†, â€Å"our† very often to his speech(1), and from the psychological point of view it is made to create a close relationship between the president an his honorable audience. ( From Barack Obama`s inaugural speech quantitative analysis) In order to arrive at a more quantitative result of this analysis, a keyword analysis of the most frequently used words and nuances in Obama`s speech gave the following findings. His speech consisted of 2403 words, and the pronoun â€Å"we† – was repeated 62 times. It was the most frequently used word by Barack Obama,for example: 1) â€Å"†¦we must work together†¦Ã¢â‚¬  2) â€Å"†¦we are bound by shared values†¦Ã¢â‚¬  3) â€Å"†¦we will seek to include all nuclear weapons†¦Ã¢â‚¬  4) â€Å"†¦we believe†¦Ã¢â‚¬  5) â€Å"†¦we cannot succeed†¦Ã¢â‚¬  6) â€Å"†¦we know the path†¦Ã¢â‚¬  7) â€Å"†¦we have to insist†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Also it is important to mention that it was very interesting to found that Barack Obama uses biblical language and quotations, non-traditional speech, and his position shows his liberal stand of him, what could be found in each speech of Barack Obama. Finally, the most important part, what I have found in his speeches is that Obama want to create a new nation which will be free from the war or other bad influence, and also he tries to get away from the old partisan divisions and looks for to be perceived as being above ideology. His thoughts and ideology about the better future without any bad elements in it show the hidden meaning of his ideas and promisses, which is logically followed from his ideas – â€Å"new† is always better, and for him the best nation is new = free nation. How to cite Barack Obama`S Speech Analysis, Essay examples

Thursday, December 5, 2019

Advanced Diploma of Community Services- Leadership

Question: Describe about the Advanced Diploma of Community Services for Leadership. Answer: Activity 2: a. Strategies for creating active support from the stakeholders: Stakeholder management is a significant element to the successful completion of any program or project within the organizational structure. Furthermore, as stakeholders are directly affected by any changes in the operational procedure, it is necessary for the organization to provide effective information to all the stakeholders. Many studies have highlighted that effective stakeholder management will develop positive relationship with both external and internal stakeholders of the organization, which eventually will help organization to fulfill all the objectives in an appropriate manner[1]. It highlights the fact that organization needs to implement effective strategies for fulfilling all the objectives of implementing change in the operational procedure. Now, in order to launch products globally, organization will have to focus on the following stakeholder management strategies: Stakeholder mapping: Launching products globally requires huge amount of investment from the organization. Therefore, it is expected that the decision will create massive impact on all the stakeholders of the company. However, the impact of the business strategy will not have same kind of impact on all the stakeholders of the company[2]. It is necessary for the organization to identify and prioritize all the stakeholders based on the affect of the changes in the operational processes. For instance, global launch of products will require investors of the organization to invest more on the operational process. Therefore, organization needs to ensure that the information regarding the necessity of launching products globally can reach to the investors in an appropriate manner. Furthermore, strategies will have to be developed to identify the satisfaction level of each stakeholder, as it can have impact on the overall effectiveness of the business procedure. Evaluation of the prime influences: Many studies have highlighted the fact that proper evaluation of all the influences is important for effective management of the stakeholders[3]. Understanding of influence of each stakeholder will allow the organization to develop strategies, which will create maximum impact on the effective management of stakeholders. Thus, organization needs to measure the influence of stakeholders through the ranking scale from high, medium to low. Again, the utilization of ranking scale will allow the organization to handle stakeholders with significant power effectively, which will help to fulfill all the requirements of successful launch of products in the global market[4]. Identification of the triggers: Many studies have mentioned that the reaction pattern of stakeholders varies in different ways[5]. Therefore, it is necessary for the organization to identify prime triggers that can induce stakeholders to react negatively towards organization. For instance, launching products globally contains huge amount of risks that the stakeholders needs to consider in a positive way. Therefore, organization needs to develop strategies so that stakeholders can able to identify the kind of positive impact that the change in business procedure can have on the overall revenue level of the organization. Development of alternative opportunities: Stakeholder management is an extremely difficult process, as many factors can have impact on this factor. Therefore, organization strategies need to focus on alternative solutions for effective management of the stakeholder[6]. For instance, organization needs to develop strategy for creating positive mindset among the stakeholders that the change in the operational procedure will help to increase the revenue level of the organization. However, organization also needs to focus on alternative strategies of highlighting the short-term benefits as well, as it will induce stakeholders to fulfill all the business objectives in an appropriate manner. b. Effectiveness of the implemented actions: From the above discussion, it can be assessed that the focus organization is looking to implement systematic procedure for fulfilling all the business objectives in an appropriate manner[7]. Now, it is expected that the implementation of systematic procedure will help the organization to cover all aspects of stakeholder management regarding the changes in business procedure. Furthermore, it will help organization to address both internal as well as external stakeholders regarding the proposed change in the business procedure[8]. For instance, stakeholder mapping will allow the organization to evaluate the satisfaction level of each stakeholder. Therefore, it will allow organization to develop strategies in such a way so that it can create maximum impact on the business processes. Now, the proposed change will create major impact on the investors. Therefore, stakeholders mapping will allow handling investors in an appropriate way. On the other hand, identification of the triggers will help organization to identify the prime factors that can have adverse impact on the stakeholder management perspectives[9]. Therefore, it will help organization to develop alternative counter strategies, which will eventually create healthy internal and external business environment[10]. Furthermore, identification of prime influences will allow organization to prioritize their responsibilities in an appropriate manner. Therefore, it will also create positive impact on the effectiveness of the overall business processes. c. Selected promotion mediums for ensuring positive representation of the company: Many studies have highlighted the fact that selection of effective mediums or tools are necessary for establishing any business in the global market[11]. With increasing competition in the global market, it has become necessary for all the organization to utilize aggressive promotional strategies for fulfilling all the business objectives in an appropriate manner. Now, in order to launch products in the global market, the focus organization will utilize following promotional mediums: Internet and Social media promotions: Over the past few years, use of internet has increased in a significant manner all across the globe. Particularly, social media platforms have become integral part of life Therefore, it has become necessary for each organization to utilize internet and social media platform in order to reach to the global customers[12]. Internet and social media also has provided unique way including pictures and blogging to grab the attention of the customers. Furthermore, the focus organization needs to utilize social media platform as a two-way communication tools so that queries of customers from different parts of the world can be solved in an effective manner[13]. Thus, it will help to increase satisfaction level among the customers, which will eventually create positive impact on the effective fulfillment of the business objectives. Television advertisements: Regardless of increasing popularity of internet and social media platform, television is still the most prominent tool for promotional campaign. Therefore, the focus organization will also have to utilize television platform in an appropriate way for fulfilling all the business objectives in an appropriate manner[14]. The organization needs to focus on popular television shows and live sporting events for creating maximum impact on the global market. Print media promotions: Though the increasing popularity of electronic and social media platform has reduced the significance of print media promotion, it still can have major impact on fulfilling business objectives in an appropriate way[15]. Therefore, the focus organization will have to utilize newspapers and magazines to get closer to potential customers in the global market. Furthermore, the focus organization needs to provide information regarding any special offers through the print media promotions for maximizing the impact on the market. Outdoor advertisements: The focus organization also needs to utilize outdoor advertisement techniques in order to provide information to the potential customers in the world market. Therefore, it needs to focus on the effective utilization billboards, leaflets and hoardings for fulfilling the organizational objectives. Now, the focus organization needs to utilize popular destinations like shopping malls, multiplex and national highways for creating maximum impact on the global market. d. Impact of legislation on global interaction: Legislative rules and regulations also plays critical role at the time of launching products in the global market. Many studies have highlighted the fact that political environment in a particular economy also plays a key role in the development of rules and regulations. For instance, different economies have their own standards regarding the quality of the products that the organization will have to be mentioned for fulfill business objectives in an appropriate manner[16]. For instance, several economies like to have direct interference of the introduction of foreign products in the domestic markets. In fact, countries like China and Japan has huge amount of legislative restrictions that reduces the possibility of effective development foreign business within the market. However, globalization has helped many organizations to expand their businesses across the boundaries of the countries, which also help to create positive impact on the overall business level of the organization. However, studies have mentioned that legislative rules and restrictions induce organizations to maintain specifics factors so that it can create positive impact on the economy as well[17]. Firstly, organization needs to focus on maintaining basic legislative rules like taxations and quality of the products in order to achieve sustainable growth in the market. Furthermore, legislative rules and regulations have been developed for providing enough earning opportunities for the local people. Furthermore, several countries also have developed legislative rules and regulations for providing health and safety benefits to the employees so that they can able to give their best at the workplace. Furthermore, organization also needs to focus on the political environment of a particular country, as it also can have major impact on the overall impact of the marketing campaign[18]. Now, maintaining all the legislative rules and regulations will help organization to develop strong brand in the glo bal market. Therefore, it will help the focus organization to increase the effectiveness of the implemented marketing strategies to introduce products in the global market. Thus, it is necessary for the focus organization to include all the legislative rules within the business campaign so that the products can create desired impact on the global market. e. Possible risks that need to be addressed: Launching products in the international market is not an easily thing. In fact, organization will have to face several risks for fulfilling the business objective in an appropriate manner[19]. Now, risk is an integral part of business that organizations need to deal with in an effective way. Specifically, launching products in the global market is a complex job that has to deal with precise risks that are discussed as follows: Marketing risks: Effective utilization of marketing is necessary for introducing products in the global market in an appropriate manner[20]. However, effectiveness of marketing campaign heavily depends on factors like culture, values and ethics of a particular country. Therefore, organization needs to develop marketing strategies in such a way so that it can go with culture and values of a particular country. Thus, a risks element is always associated with the marketing campaign that it would not able to create desire impact. For that reason, it is necessary for the organization to develop some risk assessment strategies, which will increase the overall effectiveness of the marketing campaign. Distribution risks: Many studies have highlighted the fact that introducing products in the global market requires huge investment in the logistics or distribution sector[21]. In fact, it induces organizations to develop complex distribution network to ensure that the products can be available at every area of the globe. However, development of effective global network requires strong bonding with different level of distributors. Otherwise, organization would not able to fulfill all the distribution requirements, which will create adverse impact on the overall revenue level. Thus, it can be assessed that effectiveness of distribution depends on many factors that has increased the risk level associated with operational process of the organization. Sustainability risks: In the present competitive business environment, every organization has to face the risk of substitute products that can create major impact on the sustainability factor[22]. Therefore, sustaining the popularity of the product in the global market has emerged as one of the prime issue for the organization. Sustaining popularity of each product requires proper evaluation of customer needs and preferences in different segment of world market[23]. For that reason, organization looks to implement different strategies for understanding the change in the preferences of the customers in an appropriate way. Any wrong analysis of customer needs can actually induce products to vanish from the market. It highlights huge amount of risks for organization for conducting business effectively in the world market. Activity 3: Team leaders play critical role in influencing a group of individuals to work for the effective fulfilment of the organizational goals[24]. Therefore, organizations need to be very careful at the time of selecting an individual for the role of team leader. The organization needs to analyse specific skill level of individuals in order to judge whether the person can fulfil the roles and responsibilities of an effective team leader or not. The role and characteristics of an effective team leader are discussed as follows: Role of an effective team leader: Provide purpose: Team leaders are essential for combining a group of individual for the fulfilment of organizational goals and objectives. Therefore, one of the prime responsibilities of an effective team leader is to provide purpose to all the team members so that they can able to work together for the fulfilment of organizational goals. Many studies have mentioned that providing information regarding the significance of fulfilling any target for the organization can help to motivate employees to provide their best effort for fulfilling organizational objectives[25]. Therefore, it is team leaders responsibility to communicate with the employees in such a way so that they can able to identify the purpose of the organization in an effective manner. Develop a star team, not a team of stars: Team represents a group of individual that are working towards a particular goal of an organization. Therefore, it is necessary that each individual of a team is equally distributing the entire work. Otherwise, it will create misbalance regarding the work culture, as some of the employees will to take more responsibilities[26]. Thus, it eventually will create adverse impact on the performance level of the employees. For that reason, role of team leader includes proper development of team where each member is equally important. The role of team leader also is to ensure that no individual have to take any unnecessary additional responsibility, as it might create adverse impact on work-life balance. Develop shared ownership for all the results: Many studies have highlighted the fact that effective development of team requires sense of ownership among each individual within the team[27]. Sense of ownership among each member of the team helps to create strong motivation for fulfilling all the targets provided by the organization. Therefore, it also helps a particular team to avoid all possible difficulties in an appropriate manner, which eventually will create positive impact of the overall effectiveness of the operational process. Therefore, it is necessary for team leader to focus on effective development of shared ownership among the team members, as it can create positive impact on the overall revenue level of the organization. Establish self-managing team: In the present competitive business environment, many organization looks to utilize big teams with more than 50 members. Therefore, majority of the time it become very difficult for a particular team leader to provide effective support to all the team members in an appropriate way. Therefore, the role of team leaders also includes development of self-managing team where all the employees are capable of solving their own problems[28]. Furthermore, it allows team leader to provide more support that is appropriate to the new employees, which eventually help to fulfil all the provided organizational objectives. Inspire and motivate team members: Several studies have highlighted the fact that motivation is among the primary elements that team leader needs to develop within each team member effectively[29]. It has been assessed that motivated employees tend to provide more for the fulfilment of organizational objectives. Therefore, the role of team leader also include provide motivation to each employees. Thus, effective team leader tends to inspire team members through providing information about future scope or leading by example so that it can influence all the team members to provide their best for the organizational objectives. Establish constructive communication: Proper utilization of communication structure is another important factor that organization needs to utilize for maximizes the effectiveness of a team. Proper utilization of communication structure within the team allows all team members to remain on the same page. As a result, productivity of a team does not hamper due to confusion among the team members[30]. Therefore, the role of an effective leader must include development of constructive communication structure among all level of employees within the team. The team leader needs to develop an atmosphere where team members can share their views and perspectives in an appropriate manner. Furthermore, team leader also needs to consider the provided suggestion by the team members, which will help to develop positive work culture within the organizational environment. Unbiased performance measurement: Performance measurement of each team member is another key responsibility of a team leader. Many studies have highlighted the fact that proper utilization of performance measurement technique can help organization to motivate employees in an effective manner. Furthermore, proper utilization of performance measurement technique allows organization to develop healthy competition among the employees, which eventually create positive impact on the overall performance level of a team[31]. Therefore, team leader needs to remain unbiased at time of measuring the performance level of the employees, as it is necessary for developing an effective team within the organizational structure. Characteristics of an effective team leader: Vision: An effective team leader needs to have power of visualizing team success and also put that vision into real action. Thus, the effective team leader needs to have the ability to act on an idea or make critical decisions that are in line with the vision and mission statement of the organization. Thus, the prime characteristic of an effective team leader is to actualize the idea that goes with the organizational objective, which eventually helps organization to increase the present level of revenue. It has been assessed that envision of effective team leader brings success or positive results for the team. Communication: As mentioned earlier, communication is the most important factor that can make or break a particular team. Therefore, it is necessary for the team leaders to possess both verbal and written communication skills so that they can able to inspire or motivate other team members in an appropriate way[32]. Furthermore, effective communication skill can allow team members to have proper support at the difficult time, which not only help team member to fulfil all the responsibilities but also help to increase the overall effectiveness of the team. Delegation: One of the prime traits of an effective team leader is the ability to utilize the available resources for creating maximum productivity. An effective team leader needs to have the skill of analysing a particular situation in such way so that available resources can have maximum impact on the responsibility[33]. In the present complex business environment, team leaders often deal with scarcity of resources. Therefore, delegation skill of team leader is required for creating maximum impact for the organization. Furthermore, it also help team leader to analyse the strengths and weaknesses of each employee that also create positive impact on the overall effectiveness of the team. Constitution: Many studies have highlighted the fact that an effective team leader needs to have a level-headed constitution[34]. It allows an effective team leader to remain positive in difficult situation and also help not to get rattled in tough situations. Thus, constitution skill is necessary, as it influence all the team members to remain positive in difficult situation, which eventually will create positive impact on the overall effectiveness of the team. It also highlights the ability of team leader for analysing a particular situation and make strong decisions for the fulfilment of the organizational objectives. Energy: Energy or enthusiasm is another prime characteristic that an effective team leader needs to possess. It helps a particular team leader to become the prime source of positive energy that eventually helps to develop healthy work environment[35]. It has been assessed that the development of positive energy requires realistic expectation from the management of the organization. Therefore, effective team leader needs to identify specific targets for the employees that can able to influence them to give their best at the workplace. Furthermore, enthusiastic skill of team leader will also help to create healthy work environment, where employees can lead their professional life in an appropriate manner. Confidence: Team leader has to deal with both executive and senior level employees regarding the fulfilment of the provided organizational responsibilities. Therefore, it is necessary for an effective team leader to have self-confidence, as it will allow dealing with critical organizational situation in an appropriate manner[36]. Furthermore, self-confidence will allow team leaders to highlight any issue in the operational process in front of management in an appropriate manner. It also will allow team leader to provide proper justification regarding any issue in the operational process, which will create positive impact on the overall operational process of the organization. Negotiation: An effective team leader also needs to have negotiation skills, as it will help to solve many critical situations in an appropriate manner. It will also help team leaders to handle any conflicts within the team members in an appropriate manner[37]. Furthermore, it also helps to increase the effectiveness of the decision-making process for an effective team, which eventually helps to fulfil all the organizational objectives. References: Armstrong, Gary, Philip Kotler, Michael Harker, and Ross Brennan.Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Prentice-Hall, London, 2012. Artto, K. A., and K. Kahkonen.Managing risks in projects. Routledge, 2013. Baggetta, Matthew, Hahrie Han, and Kenneth T. Andrews. "Leading Associations How Individual Characteristics and Team Dynamics Generate Committed Leaders."American sociological review78, no. 4 (2013): 544-573. Berthon, Pierre R., Leyland F. Pitt, Kirk Plangger, and Daniel Shapiro. "Marketing meets Web 2.0, social media, and creative consumers: Implications for international marketing strategy."Business horizons55, no. 3 (2012): 261-271. Bradley, Bret H., Bennett E. Postlethwaite, Anthony C. Klotz, Maria R. Hamdani, and Kenneth G. Brown. "Reaping the benefits of task conflict in teams: the critical role of team psychological safety climate."Journal of Applied Psychology97, no. 1 (2012): 151. Carboni, Inga, and Kate Ehrlich. "The effect of relational and team characteristics on individual performance: a social network perspective."Human Resource Management52, no. 4 (2013): 511-535. Chaffey, Dave, and Fiona Ellis-Chadwick.Digital marketing. Pearson Higher Ed, 2012. Christensen, Lisa Jones, Alison Mackey, and David Whetten. "Taking responsibility for corporate social responsibility: The role of leaders in creating, implementing, sustaining, or avoiding socially responsible firm behaviors."The Academy of Management Perspectives28, no. 2 (2014): 164-178. Ferrell, Odies C., and Michael Hartline.Marketing strategy, text and cases. Nelson Education, 2012. Fifield, Paul.Marketing strategy. Routledge, 2012. Guerrero, Erick G. "Workforce diversity in outpatient substance abuse treatment: The role of leaders' characteristics."Journal of substance abuse treatment44, no. 2 (2013): 208-215. Hansen, Jared M., Robert E. McDonald, and Ronald K. Mitchell. "Competence resource specialization, causal ambiguity, and the creation and decay of competitiveness: the role of marketing strategy in new product performance and shareholder value."Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science41, no. 3 (2013): 300-319. He, Hongwei, Yehuda Baruch, and Chieh-Peng Lin. "Modeling team knowledge sharing and team flexibility: The role of within-team competition."human relations(2014): 0018726713508797. Hentschel, Tanja, Meir Shemla, Jrgen Wegge, and Eric Kearney. "Perceived diversity and team functioning: The role of diversity beliefs and affect."Small Group Research(2013): 1046496412470725. Hinkelmann, Knut, and Natalia Onufrienko. "Explicitly modelling relationships of risks on business architecture." IneChallenges e-2014 Conference Proceedings, pp. 1-8. IEEE, 2014. Hyatali, Neisha, and Kit Fai Pun. "Aligning Project Quality and Risks into Business Processes: A Review of Challenges and Strategies."West Indian Journal of Engineering38, no. 2 (2016). Joseph, Mawejje, and Lakuma Paul.Elevated macroeconomic risks hurt business environment perceptions. No. 243926. Economic Policy Research Centre (EPRC), 2015. Kallas, Kathryn D. "Profile of an excellent nurse manager: identifying and developing health care team leaders."Nursing administration quarterly38, no. 3 (2014): 261-268. Kanagal, Nagasimha Balakrishna. "Innovation and product innovation in marketing strategy."Journal of Management and marketing research18 (2015): 1-25. Kim, Kyung Hoon, Byung Joo Jeon, Hong Seob Jung, Wei Lu, and Joseph Jones. "Effective employment brand equity through sustainable competitive advantage, marketing strategy, and corporate image."Journal of Business Research65, no. 11 (2012): 1612-1617. Kim, Sangsun, Jeongwan Hong, and Yenyoo You. "An Exploratory Study on E-business Risks due to the Sector Classification of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises."Indian Journal of Science and Technology8, no. S7 (2015): 406-413. Kumar, V., and Bharath Rajan. "Social coupons as a marketing strategy: a multifaceted perspective."Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science40, no. 1 (2012): 120-136. Leeper, W. Robert, Terrence John Leeper, Kelly Nancy Vogt, Tanya Charyk-Stewart, Daryl Kenneth Gray, and Neil Geordie Parry. "The role of trauma team leaders in missed injuries: does specialty matter?."Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery75, no. 3 (2013): 387-390. Liang, Huei-Mei, Rui-Hsin Kao, Chun-Chieh Yang, and Pei-Yu Chien. "Relationship between team diversity and innovation: The moderating effect of team leaders' innovative characteristics." InProceedings of PICMET'14 Conference: Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology; Infrastructure and Service Integration, pp. 973-980. IEEE, 2014. Lusch, Robert F., and Stephen L. Vargo.The service-dominant logic of marketing: Dialog, debate, and directions. Routledge, 2014. Mohammed, Susan, and David A. Harrison. "The clocks that time us are not the same: A theory of temporal diversity, task characteristics, and performance in teams."Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes122, no. 2 (2013): 244-256. Morgan, Neil A., Constantine S. Katsikeas, and Douglas W. Vorhies. "Export marketing strategy implementation, export marketing capabilities, and export venture performance."Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science40, no. 2 (2012): 271-289. Papadopoulos, Nicolas, and Louise A. Heslop.Product-country images: Impact and role in international marketing. Routledge, 2014. Perreault Jr, William, Joseph Cannon, and E. Jerome McCarthy.Basic marketing. McGraw-Hill Higher Education, 2013. Popkova, E. G., S. S. Morkovina, E. V. Patsyuk, E. A. Panyavina, and E. V. Popov. "Marketing strategy of overcoming of lag in development of economic systems."World Applied Sciences Journal5, no. 1 (2013): 591-595. Sheth, Jagdish N., and Rajendra S. Sisodia.Does marketing need reform?: Fresh perspectives on the future. Routledge, 2015. Shih, Bih?Yaw, Chen?Yuan Chen, and Zih?Siang Chen. "An empirical study of an internet marketing strategy for search engine optimization."Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing Service Industries23, no. 6 (2013): 528-540. Slootweg, Irene A., Cees van der Vleuten, Maas Jan Heineman, Albert Scherpbier, and Kiki MJMH Lombarts. "Program directors in their role as leaders of teaching teams in residency training."Medical teacher36, no. 12 (2014): 1073-1079. Somech, Anit, and Anat Drach-Zahavy. 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Thursday, November 28, 2019

The Federal Reserve System Modern Fascism and Absolute Power Essay Example

The Federal Reserve System: Modern Fascism and Absolute Power Essay The Federal Reserve System: Modern Fascism and Absolute Power Most Americans feel the United States of America is a beacon of democracy and raw capitalism, the leader of the â€Å"free† world. In theory, this is a perfectly well-reasoned assumption. The founding fathers had every intention of turning the new world into a full fledged democracy, devoid of any monarchy or source of totalitarian power. The constitution itself demands that our government be â€Å"of, for and by the people†, and be divided into complex units of checks and balances, designed to thwart any potential power struggle by one specific branch. In essence, the constitution of the United States is a perfect blueprint for democracy in its purest form, with power and control in the hands of its citizens. Unfortunately, this is not the case today. By giving up the right to print its own currency in 1913, the US Government bequeathed its powers to a select few, who have owned and operated this country ever since. They are the true masters of US domestic and foreign policy. Just like a corporation issues shares of stock to function as a productive entity, a country has to issue currency in order to fund its operations. This currency is the lifeblood of a nation, creating wealth for its citizens by fostering economic development and providing public infrastructure and services. In a true democracy, the government is owned by the citizens and operated by representatives of the population as a whole, who control and more importantly regulate the issuance of this currency. This is a critical point to remember. We will write a custom essay sample on The Federal Reserve System: Modern Fascism and Absolute Power specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Federal Reserve System: Modern Fascism and Absolute Power specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Federal Reserve System: Modern Fascism and Absolute Power specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Just like a public company [that issues too much stock] can be punished by the public markets for diluting its share structure, a nation’s currency can suffer the same effects through inflation if the government prints too much money relative to the value of the economy. This can be considered a hidden tax and represents a loss of buying power for a nation’s citizens. This loss of buying power [if left unchecked] destroys private wealth and can completely wipe out a country’s middle class, creating only two groups of citizens: the poor and the ultra-wealthy. Without a functioning and thriving middle class, a country is nothing more than a failed state. Because of this, the act of creating and regulating currency must be kept in the hands of those it serves (ie. the people). Any type of transference of this â€Å"absolute power† into private hands gives that person or entity complete control over a nation’s people and government. Why? Through the power of devaluation. Devaluation is basically â€Å"instant inflation† or â€Å"hyperinflation†. Overnight, devaluation can lower the value of a nation’s currency which in turn lowers the buying power for its citizens relative to other currencies. An example of this can be recalled from the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis, which started when the Thai Baht was devalued and Thailand’s stock market lost 75% of its value. Within a matter of days, the people of Thailand saw their savings destroyed. In essence, devaluation is the ultimate weapon since it can destroy an entire nation, but leave its wealth (ie. infrastructure) intact. One can quickly see why this power must never be transferred to private hands, yet this is exactly what happened to the United States in 1913. When the Federal Reserve Act was passed on December 23rd, 1913 , the power to print US currency was transferred from the public government into the hands of a private Delaware corporation , known as the Federal Reserve System. From this point forward, the United States Government was no longer issuing its own currency and instead, had to borrow money from a â€Å"private bank† and pay interest on the loan. For 94 years, the United States has been at the mercy of a single entity who with the stroke of a pen, could transfer an entire nation’s wealth and wipe out the entire middle class. Americans may vote for a political â€Å"choice† every four years, but the results for any given election are meaningless since the President of the United States has no more control over the Federal Reserve System than the average citizen. In essence, the President is a servant of the Federal Reserve System, not the people. Not a single President has ever challenged the constitutional basis for the Federal Reserve System, except for one. John F. Kennedy, being the incredible patriot and visionary that he was, knew the US Government had the constitutional right to print and issue its own currency. He saw the Federal Reserve System as a dangerously corrupt entity and set in motion a plan to usurp control of our nation’s money supply from this private bank, back into the hands of the American people. He issued Executive Order 11110 on June 4th, 1963 , which delegated the US Treasury to issue silver certificates against silver bullion. This alternative currency circumvented the Federal Reserve System since the US Government could once again carry out the printing of paper money, backed by silver held by the US Treasury. These new notes were legal tender and were in direct competition to notes issued by the Federal Reserve System. Unfortunately, President Kennedy was assassinated a few months later and the order was abandoned, thereby giving the Federal Reserve System a monopoly [once again] on the issuance of US currency where it has remained ever since. Benito Mussolini once said, â€Å"Fascism should more properly be called corporatism because it is the merger of state and corporate power. † The Federal Reserve System fits this description perfectly and represents the ultimate merger of state and corporate power. The idea that Fascism is simply a totalitarian practice based on racism is a misnomer. There is a more important component to Fascism, an economic component known as â€Å"Corporatism†, which was an essential ingredient of economic totalitarianism as practiced by Mussolini and Hitler . Essentially, the racist component of traditional Fascism is irrelevant and not necessary in order for it to succeed. It is merely a propaganda tool used to create a â€Å"rally round the flag† diversion based on xenophobic principles (as illustrated by the Nazi Party), while corporate control is exerted over the government behind the scenes. In the United States these policies were not called â€Å"fascism† but â€Å"planned capitalism† , with the Federal Reserve System at the center dictating economic policies, and exerting indirect control over domestic and foreign policies through elected officials thanks to its monopoly on currency issuance. The parallels between the Federal Reserve System and the power of currency issuance, vis-a-vis Sauron and the Ring of Power are marked examples of evil and its constant pursuit of absolute power. Domestic and interstate conflict has always been an important tool for the Federal Reserve System due to its ability to drive up our nation’s debt. One doesn’t need to look any further than our current â€Å"War on Terror† and its half-trillion dollar price tag to understand this fact. History has shown that evil prevails when good men fail to act. This is evident in America today since the Federal Reserve System is rooted in corruption and has no constitutional basis, but yet has managed to survive for almost 100 years in its current form. John F. Kennedy made a noble effort but unfortunately did not live to see his Executive Order implemented. Others have tried as well, such as Ron Paul, a House Representative from the 14th District of Texas, who has tried repeatedly to introduce legislation to abolish the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and the Federal Reserve Banks, and to repeal the Federal Reserve Act altogether, while liquidating the assets of the Federal Reserve System and returning them to the US Treasury . Unfortunately, he has not been successful in his attempts, however, he is now running as a presidential candidate for 2008 . Perhaps his message will be heard by a louder audience this time. In conclusion, Fascism has undergone many incarnations and has been called many different things, by many different dictators. But at its core it is nothing more than what Mussolini said: the merger of state and corporate power. America today is at the mercy of a privately owned central bank that has absolute power over its citizens and elected officials. Much like the Fellowship of the Ring was engaged in a fierce battle over Middle Earth and the Ring of Power, we as citizens of the United States are locked in a battle over our country’s freedom from Fascist enterprise and its right to currency issuance. Just as Sauron desired to control the Ring of Power so he could dominate the people of Middle Earth, those who control the Federal Reserve System wish to control this country through the power of its currency and subsequent debt. They continue to exert control over our elected officials and have dictated virtually every major domestic and foreign policy since the beginning of the 20th century. The Fellowship was represented by a heterogeneous mixture of men, hobbits, elves, wizards, and others forces of good who swore to defend Middle Earth from Sauron, the Orcs, the Uruk-hai and other forces of evil. In the case of this country’s struggle against the domination of the Federal Reserve System, the modern day â€Å"Fellowship† is represented by grassroots movements consisting of current and ex-members of Congress, academics, entrepreneurs and average citizens, who recognize the importance of abolishing this power held by those who control the Federal Reserve System. Our nation’s survival well into the 21st century and beyond depends on it. Thanks to innovations like the Internet, the public’s ability to access information that was once kept hidden from view is now possible. This instills the hope that much like the Fellowship in LOTR was eventually able to thwart the efforts of Sauron, we as citizens of the United States can succeed in abolishing the Federal Reserve System and help restore this nation to the democratic vision of our Forefathers. ttp://www. federalreserve. gov/pubs/frseries/frseri. htm Delaware Corporation No. 0042817, https://sos-res. state. de. us/tin/GINameSearch. jsp http://www. lib. umich. edu/govdocs/jfkeo/eo/11110. htm DiLorenzo, Thomas J. 1994. Economic Fascism, The Freeman DiLorenzo, Thomas J. 1994. Economic Fascism, The Freeman http://www. house. gov/paul/legis/106/hr1148. htm http://www. ronpaul2008. com/

Monday, November 25, 2019

Free Essays on Special Management Issues

Special Management Issues The increasing application of Scientific Management principles of work organisations to services is, despite its limitations, inevitable and irreversible’. Discuss. I Introduction From the outset of this essay it is necessary to define the basic principles of Scientific Management in order for the statement to be fully understood and why if at all such a practice is ‘inevitable’ and indeed ‘irreversible’ within a service industry context. The underlying belief that scientific management, or rationalisation= , is able to provide the basis for separating management from the execution of work. ‘The rationalisation of work has the effect of transferring functions of planning, allocation and co-ordination to managers, whilst reinforcing the managerial monopoly of decision-making, motivation and control’. Hales (1994). Taylor (1856-1915) has been referred to as the father of Scientific Management. He believed that management, not labour, was th e cause of and potential solution to problems in the industry. Taylor concluded that workers systematically ‘soldiered’ because they believed that faster work would put them out of a job and because hourly or daily wages destroyed individual incentive. Taylor believed that in order to discourage, and indeed halt, this ‘soldiering’ a ‘mental revolution’ was required. He believed this could be achieved via four vital principles: (1) the development of the best work method, via systematic observation, measurement and analysis; (2) the scientific selection and development of workers; (3) the relating and bringing together of the best work method and the developed and trained worker; (4) the co-operation of managers and non-managers which includes the division of work and the managers responsibility of work. From this five key facets have evolved that lie at the foundation of scientific management. Hales (1994) has summarised these as follows: - sys temat... Free Essays on Special Management Issues Free Essays on Special Management Issues Special Management Issues The increasing application of Scientific Management principles of work organisations to services is, despite its limitations, inevitable and irreversible’. Discuss. I Introduction From the outset of this essay it is necessary to define the basic principles of Scientific Management in order for the statement to be fully understood and why if at all such a practice is ‘inevitable’ and indeed ‘irreversible’ within a service industry context. The underlying belief that scientific management, or rationalisation= , is able to provide the basis for separating management from the execution of work. ‘The rationalisation of work has the effect of transferring functions of planning, allocation and co-ordination to managers, whilst reinforcing the managerial monopoly of decision-making, motivation and control’. Hales (1994). Taylor (1856-1915) has been referred to as the father of Scientific Management. He believed that management, not labour, was th e cause of and potential solution to problems in the industry. Taylor concluded that workers systematically ‘soldiered’ because they believed that faster work would put them out of a job and because hourly or daily wages destroyed individual incentive. Taylor believed that in order to discourage, and indeed halt, this ‘soldiering’ a ‘mental revolution’ was required. He believed this could be achieved via four vital principles: (1) the development of the best work method, via systematic observation, measurement and analysis; (2) the scientific selection and development of workers; (3) the relating and bringing together of the best work method and the developed and trained worker; (4) the co-operation of managers and non-managers which includes the division of work and the managers responsibility of work. From this five key facets have evolved that lie at the foundation of scientific management. Hales (1994) has summarised these as follows: - sys temat...

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Obama Healthcare plan vs. Clinton Healthcare plan Essay

Obama Healthcare plan vs. Clinton Healthcare plan - Essay Example Since Hillary has no mechanism for enforcing the individual mandate she proposes, Obama regards the mandate as a bluff. John Edwards, whose plan includes mechanism for enforcing the individual mandate that he has proposed, supported Obama’s criticism of Hillary and Hillary’s criticism of Obama. In the Edward’s proposal, proof of insurance will be required when income taxes are paid and when health care is provided. Thus, Americans will be compelled to buy health insurance. The Edward’s plans make provision for families without insurance and those that lose coverage. The former will be enrolled in plans such as Medicare and Medicaid while the later will be enrolled in other plans. The issue is not enrolling people in private health care plan but getting people to participate in the plan. Thus, the Obama plan makes perfect sense given that it resist individual mandate, which may be unattractive to a large number of people and may not easily be enforced. The President’s Medicare Plan: A Trojan Horse to Ration Health Care? Medicare, with $30.8 trillion in long term unfunded obligations, could cease to exist if the runaway cost is not reined in. The problem is how Medicare cost should be controlled. Two options are available: changing the structure and culture of Medicare through empowering patients to make health care decisions that lead to best results, in addition to forcing plans and providers to compete for the money; and top-down bureaucratic control of the cost of health care services. Of course, these options will reduce the cost but will simultaneously reduce the quality of health care. The first option, which was taken by Budget Committee Chairman Paul Ryan, has been described to give Medicare patients control over cost of services and freedom to choose how they access these services. The result according to Heritage’s Robert Moffit and James Capretta is value in return for the dollars. President Obama opted for th e second option: tightening the top-down bureaucracy and reducing Medicare payment to doctors and hospitals, in addition to reducing providers’ reimbursement rates. This option leads to reduced senior access to doctors. Under the second option, the Independent Payment Advisory Board (IPAB) will be strengthened to rein in cost of Medicare while improving the quality of care. The White House planned to equip IPAB to promote prevention without shifting cost to seniors. Though reducing doctors’ salaries will reduce Medicare cost as envisioned by the second option, according to British Physician Anthony Daniels strengthening IPAB to focus on prevention will be unsuccessful at addressing the fiscal problem The fact that Congress continues to delay in reducing doctors salaries suggests that the second option is not politically attractive. Pursuing health care reforms that put bureaucrats in charges will reduce patient access to care. The second option should be repealed to av oid such outcome. Will Obama’s health care plan mirror the 1994 Clinton failure? Former President Bill Clinton key policy plan in 1994 was a

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

The Importance of Recruitment and Selection in Public Sector Business Essay

The Importance of Recruitment and Selection in Public Sector Business - Essay Example 2. Recruitment and Selection are two different but related terminologies. This project shall therefore be an opportunity of identifying the difference that exists between these two terms and how each of them contributes to the success of the organization. 3. Through this project, the research shall seek to look into the difference between processes and merits of recruitment private sector and public businesses though the public sector shall be made the experimental sample. 4. Within the public sector business, the researcher shall scrutinize various reasons why human resource managers undertake recruitment and selection on regular basis. 5. Clearly, the various merits or importance of recruitment and selection cannot be realized if certain factors are not adhered to. Through this project therefore, the researcher shall find out the various factors that human resource managers within the public sector business setup must stick to in order to ensure that they benefit from the importanc e of recruitment and selection. 6. ... LITERATURE REVIEW Having noted that human resource personnel in the public sector have always been involved in recruitment and placement, one is left with not more than to ask of the importance of recruitment and placement in the public sector that human resource personnel cannot seem to stop the practice. There indeed exists a number of importance of undertaking recruitment and placement. Five major reasons, merits or importance behind recruitment and selection in the public sector have been discussed below. Satisfies Legal and Social Obligations of Organizations The first importance of undertaking recruitment and selection in the public sector is that it is a process that goes a long way to satisfy the legal and social obligations of institutions. International and various labor laws provide that public institutions make their placement processes very fair and open. For that matter, placement must be done only after certain stipulated guidelines have been fulfilled (Gilmore and Wil liam, 2009). In labor provisions, undertaking recruitment and selection is the legally mandated means to get employees to occupy vacancies. By undertaking recruitment and selection therefore, public organizations are getting themselves out of legal entanglements and fulfilling their social obligations of making the lives of deserving skilled and unskilled personnel better (Thompson and McHugh, 2009). Previously, activities of public sector managers regarding placement was not seen as a social task but strictly business and corporative. Today, it has come to be accepted that there could not be any better way for public institutions to be socially responsible to the people than employing as many deserving people as possible (Arnold, J. et al 2005). This is because research has

Monday, November 18, 2019

Is overpopulation a global crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Is overpopulation a global crisis - Essay Example Another definition of overpopulation is that it is â€Å"the condition of having a population as dense as to cause environmental deterioration and impaired quality of life or a population crash† (Gonzalez 117). These two definitions of overpopulation seem to have some differences as well as some commonalities. First of all, both definitions are based on the fact that overpopulation is based on the fact that there might be too many people as opposed to resources in a given area. This implies that overpopulation occurs when there are more people in relation to the resources available to them for their survival and livelihoods. On the other hand, the two writers are not in agreement about the scope of globalization. Whilst Pitzl defines globalization in terms of countries or geographical regions, Gonzalez views it as a global matter which has an impact on the natural environment. This means that the first definition localizes the idea of overpopulation whilst the second generatio n looks at it as a global problem or issue. Reasons why Overpopulation is a Global Issue In this world, resources and the natural environment are shared. Instead of having a limited access to natural resources, most resources in the natural environment transcend natural borders. ... This often results in pressure over natural resources, pollution, congestion, unorganized development amongst others. Nagel and Guinness identify that overpopulation can be defined in terms of having a population that is above the normal level that a nation or community can hold (111). The standard level of population that a community's resources can support is known as the optimum population (Nagel and Guinness 111). However, when the population goes above the optimum population, there is an increasing pressure on resources and the living standards of the community would begin to decline. Hence, there would be the non-sustainable use of natural resources, and the over-use of elements of the natural environment. This leads to pressure not only on local resources but on the global ecological balance. This is because when natural resources are put to a use that is beyond the normal, there would be some implications for other resources outside the nation or community. Over population ca uses nations around the world to get concerns. This is because population leads to migration. And if there is migration, nations with optimal populations are also affected and they would have to find ways and means of reducing the flow of migrants into their countries. For example, in the case of China which shares a long border with Russia, there is a major threat to the Russian economy and Russian natural resources if the population of China moves further up. This is because when China's population grows, the pressure on Chinese resources would be so high that a section of the Chinese community would have to leave the country in order to find other resources to survive on. This means that Russia would be

Friday, November 15, 2019

Tangible and Intangible Resources

Tangible and Intangible Resources In the fast pace development of the technology market,  enterprises tangible and intangible resources is a competitive advantage on the basis of tangible resources is the basis for enterprise development, the invisible resources are the engine of growth of competitive advantage, two of those are the source of competitive advantages. This article will be the fast-paced development of technology market premise, according to some examples, focusing on the importance of tangible and intangible resources company competition (Hill, Jones, 2009). Define Tangible and intangible resources: Tangible resources are visible, can use the direct measurement of the monetary resources, including material resources and financial resources E.g Tangible resources; 2009, Samsung Electronics, the market value has reached $ 110.2 billion, the first time beyond Intel became the the global revenues largest semiconductor manufacturers 1. Samsungs sales of $ 117.8 billion in 2009, has surpassed HP to become the the global revenues largest electronics companies 2. Is the worlds second largest chip factory, second in size only to Intel 3 in 2008 is the worlds top 21 products, up market share in the market supplier Intangible resources. A wide range of content, such as trademarks, patents, proprietary technology, customer relationships, corporate image, corporate culture, these intangible resources in the process of production and operation of enterprises play an indispensable role. E.g Intangible resources: Korea 8782 patents registered in the United States last year, 3611 applications for Samsung Electronics, Samsung Electronics, Samsung Electronics, Samsung Electronics, the percentage of more than 40%. Samsungs brand value grew fivefold from $ 3.1 billion in 1999 to $ 16.2 billion in 2006 ( Hitt, Ireland, 2008). Analysis of several fast-paced technology companies examples and reasons The definition of the technology market: the places engaged in the technical intermediary services and technical operations of goods. To promote scientific and technological achievements into practical productive forces for the purpose, specifically to carry out technology development, technology transfer, technical consulting, technical services, technical contract; production or distribution of the research to test new products and technology products; organization and conduct of the promotion and application of technological achievements and other technical coverage involving all areas of technology (Tietze , 2012). The cell phone industry, as a modern high-tech industry, has a certain representation, several typical company I will for example in the mobile phone industry to analyze: Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. Samsung Group was founded in 1938, investment in the establishment of Samsung Electronics Company in 1969, involving semiconductors, mobile phones, monitors, laptops, televisions, refrigerators, air conditioners, digital cameras, and IT products and other field In many areas in technology, Samsung has become the worlds leading technology innovation company, it has created a series of state-of-the-art technology, including mobile phones, hand-held computing devices, flat panel displays, as well as ultra-thin laptops. (Viardot, 2004). Apple Inc Apples major industries, including computer software. Hardware. Phone handheld entertainment aspect. Overall have five production lines: Mac, iPod the iPhone and the iPad, i Tune, known for the product i pod digital music player is i Tunes music store, these are containing innovative the high-tech, i phone pioneered mobile devices new start, IPHONE3G of the software revolution (Sengupta, Slater, 2009). NOKIA In 1865, Nokia was founded in Finland, Nokia smart phone, entertainment, phone, navigation, phone, have a high technology technology Nokia developed areas including third-generation wireless systems, multimedia applications, network management, mobile phone and other sounds data, video terminals. To maintain its leading position in the rapid development of the telecommunications market (GruneWalder, 2008). What role do they play in this types of market what are they? Based on analysis of the tangible and intangible resources of Nokia and Apple Nokias tangible resources Material resources: Nokia to light electric transmission as the center of development, laying the foundation for Nokias semiconductor technology industry. Such as ABS engineering techniques, this technique has the performance of heat-resistant and impact, due to the lower cost of this technique, the majority of computer manufacturers to use. Financial resources: Nokia in Chinas development, the establishment of three joint venture companies, mobile phone production, as well as network equipment, China is the largest market of Nokia, the worlds largest investment areas, due to the low cost of production and processing of the Chinese market, so Nokia to focus on China, in addition to the establishment of a global integrated financial plan, a reasonable business strategy Nokia intangible resources Company brand: Nokia founded in Finland, with a long history, and a good social reputation, through continuous research and innovation, powerful software support and network services, so that, on the company in the smart phone, navigation technically are in a leading position in the company with OVI Internet, in the music store, online game store, providing services to obtain the value Technology: Nokias development, always in the front of the R D development center, working to develop new technologies, including third-generation wireless systems, multimedia applications, to meet customers needs, increasing the mass market to maintain the rapid development of the territory Goodwill: consumers said user for the first time agree, it is only with the GSM technology, the exterior design of the TV for the first time large-screen displays, mobile phones scroll able text menu, the user used to say, very good,leave a very good impression (Hoskisson, 2008) Apple tangible resources Product Resources: 2000 i Pod digital music player, with the unique i Tunes music download system, beat some very powerful company and a global share of the first portable player, i pod series launch, more solid Apple position in the music market, i phone combined with a new product of the i pod and Apple TV, the birth of this product, so Apples successful transformation from computer production to the electronic company Financial resources Apples PC and one of the multimedia company, Apple increased net income $ 1,335 one billion, they have the ability to obtain credit. The tissue Apple also has many systems f control. Apple controls all aspects of the computer, it can provide customers with a complete desktop solution, including hardware, software and peripherals, Physical resources Apple company established in California. Apple is a global company with offices around the. They develop good computer on the market with the best materials. Technology Apple invented a lot of patents, they developed the first PC, the PCs graphical user interface (GUI), a point, and then click the mouse, the laser printer, the iPod and iTunes. Apple also includes a window system, investigation procedures, such as Aldus, Page Maker and Microsoft Excel. Apples products are user-friendly and unique Apple intangible resources Apples human resources, the Cupertino, California in the heart of Silicon Valley, bringing together the most talent and an attractive location. The best schools in the country in a very short drive from Apples main campus, including Stanford University, the University of California, Barkley, and Santa Clara University. There are so many schools nearby, they enjoy a rich cultural and educational opportunities. Innovation Apple invented the PC graphical user interface. Nearly a decade, the the Apple monopoly graphical user interface. When Jobs returned, he manages a hire people who do not want to make the best products in the world of innovation. The key is to let the people with the passion for excellence. Apple now has scientific skills, enabling them to innovation, promote the patent (Afuah, 2009) What is the impact on the companies industry? Business development, competitors may soon have tangible physical capital resources, but the long-term advantages of intangible resources but is hard to beat. Well-known enterprises of the industrial countries, the value of intangible resources generally exceed the value of physical resources, intangible resources these enterprises trade and occupy the international market and expand the social impact will become an important weapon (Tessiopoulos, 2005). The importance of the intangible resources. Enterprise as a social and economic organization. While tangible resources. Also has a wide variety and difficult measurement and grasp the intangible resources. A wide range of content, such as trademarks, patents, proprietary technology, customer relationships, corporate image, corporate culture, these intangible resources in the production development process plays an irreplaceable role. Trademark. Trademark is used to identify the specific goods or services of the mark, it means the right to use a particular name or pattern specialize in certain specified goods or products generally include the exclusive right to use and the prohibition of the right to two aspects. Patent. The patent refers to the national patent authorities in accordance with the law grant the inventions patented applicants enjoyed exclusive rights within a certain period of their inventions. The patent generally include three aspects of the invention patents, utility model patents and design patents. Valid patent law Proprietary technology. The proprietary technology means known to the outside world, has been used in the production and operation activities, a variety of skills and experience do not enjoy legal protection. Generally include the proprietary technology of the industrial, commercial trade proprietary technology, management know-how, etc.. Corporate image. Corporate image usually refers to the publics evaluation of a company and its products, beliefs and attitudes. Mainly include the popularity and reputation, corporate values, managerial and technical factors such as the comprehensive, implied a huge potential force behind the production and business activities of enterprises. Customer relationships. Customer relationship usually refers to the purchase of customer and sales of enterprise products, services, manufacturing enterprises in the formation of long-term exchanges and work with each other relationship, this relationship is the invisible presence of a lot of influence, for the improvement of enterprise product sales. Enterprises cultural. The corporate culture is the enterprise ideology as the core corporate values, corporate value, business philosophy, entrepreneurship, business principles, business purposes, business rules and regulations, Code of Conduct.(Ireland, Hoskission, 2008) E.g Apple and Samsung patent war of the century, for example, Apple awarded $ 1 billion. South Koreas Samsung infringed U.S. Apple patent, needs $ 1 billion in compensation. At the same time, the court finds that the Apple and Samsung did not infringe. Affected by this news, Apples stock price immediately rose by 1.8%, this way before Samsung change the design of these products will be in the U.S. market can not continue to sell these products. Lawsuits between Apple and Samsung is not just about patents and money is related to the value. Apple seems stresses creativity and innovation, to create the worlds best products, the manufacture of these products is to let the user satisfaction, not to allow competitors big plagiarism. (Ubertazzi, 2012). Expert analysis : Apple disputes warning of the modern enterprise Apples creative class of intangible assets in commercial signs, warning of the management problems of the modern enterprise: First, technological innovation is important, but only technological innovation is not enough, you must also conducted a comprehensive intangible assets construction innovation. A single class of intellectual property (patent, trademark or copyright) is not enough to solve all the problems of the enterprises, enterprises must carry out diverse IP configuration. Second, trade names and trademarks is not just a business logo, to raise the height of intangible assets created to recognize. Best to stay away from the general term creative in the selection of trademarks, trade names, to do trademark name with the name of the creative owner of the trademark can not prevent others from the same with your name trademark registered in other categories of goods and services. Because your trademark name is not private rights in the true sense, the name you choose is also the use of public resources. Trademark intangible asset value basis, is one of the trademarks Be creative, first with the larger artistic value, the value will be after the trademark rights of value, economic value, reputation. If the brand name is a common noun, it is easy for the revocation of others, lead to legal disputes. The third set of intangible assets specialized management agencies. Talent is a source of intangible assets, intangible assets not only to create pay greater attention to the management and operation. Important foundation for high-end complex talent to do a good job in the management of the intangible assets. Enterprise management of intangible assets should be placed in an important position, set a special intangible assets management department, equipped with specialized management of intangible assets intangible assets of enterprises integrated, comprehensive, systematic management, organizational guarantee of intangible assets management. Through high-end composite intangible assets management, promote enterprises to improve the level of management of intangible assets, improve intangible assets effective. (Acton, 2012). Is one resource more valuable or important when the other ? I chose the hotel industry, the analysis of the tangible and intangible resources of the hotel industry Hotel tangible resources :is the physical form of resources, including physical resources, financial resources, organizational resources. Kind resources refers to the kind used to be the hotel customer service resources to create benefits for the hotel, such as hotel construction, decoration, equipment, etc. are in-kind resources: financial resources, including currency sources and use, such as access to finance, cash management, creditors and debtors control, dealing with currency provider relations; organizational resources, including the hotels formal organizational structure, composition departments Hotel intangible resources: including human resources, reputation, resources, relationships, resources, information and technology resources. Human resources including knowledge, staff skills, managers can, practice, and thus formed hotel culture and service philosophy; the hotel reputation resources including hotel brand, hotel for reputation parties; hotel information and technical resources, including information and information storage, processing and transfer of technology, management techniques, the hotels reservation system; hotel relations system includes a hotel and the relationship of the parties, the contract agreement. Intangible resources of the hotel is the hotel prerequisite to gain a competitive advantage .(Enz, 2009) JINJIANGINN tangible resources and intangible resources Research enterprise core competitiveness mainly two ways an enterprise resource analysis to find out the advantages of resources, and the other is the enterprise value chain analysis as its core competitiveness. Ways to use this article for the former, and that analysis of the resources of the Jinjiang Inn. The resources of the enterprise can be divided into tangible resources, intangible and human resources. Which tangible resources the kind resources buildings, land, raw materials, operational resources, computers, machinery, systems and financial resources organization intangible resources of the type and quantity of available funds mainly technical resources, reputation, resources and innovative resources and human resources is the organic integration of the members of the organization to the organization to provide the skills, knowledge and reasoning and decision-making ability. (JinJiang Inn, 2012). Physical resources: can be divided into basic and infrastructure, the basic situation of the hotel chain Jinjiang Inn has more than 500 distribution in Shanghai, Beijing and other 86 large and medium-sized cities in the country, room a total of more than 60,000 infrastructure including air conditioning, bathroom, TV, telephone, broadband internet, 24-hour hot water and other infrastructure, to show an economically practical and comfortable accommodations. Financial resources :from the two main ways most of the investment by the parent company of Jin Jiang International Group, Another way is through public financing, Jinjiang along with its parent company, the Jin Jiang International Hotel Group in December 2006 in the success of the Hong Kong main board market market, opened overseas financing channels, into a period of rapid expansion. Jinjiangs technical capacity Committed reflected in the company since the date of the establishment of the call center systems and related software, custom development and marketing, especially telemarketing system has been independently developed by the company, the industry praise Jinjiang Inn the first in the industry to develop independent website and booking system, large client systems and guest satisfaction survey feedback system. Reputation resources: are mainly reflected in Jinjiang since its inception in 1996, continues to be rated as Shanghai Famous Trademark, Shanghai, the most growth service marks, Shanghai Famous Brand won consecutive year 2006-2007 first top ten top brand influence of the Chinese economy hotel , Chinas economy hotel brand Pioneer honorary title. Therefore, Jinjiang Inn has a very good reputation image. Innovation is mainly reflected in three aspects First, the introduction of low budget hotel high-end products. The budget hotel market can continue to be subdivided into high medium and low market, the current budget hotel is mainly concentrated in the mid-market, Jinjiang keen to seize this vacancy, launched a low-high-end products. Prices of low-end brands in the 100-150 yuan, the low-end brands target customer is still a business and family tourists, mainly for price sensitive crowd followed, the prices of high-end brands in the 250-350 yuan, product updates to Five Dynasties. More specialized than the third-generation product, the fourth-generation products humane, more suitable for the accommodation needs of business travelers, the fifth generation of the product is a green concept hotel last product, create Jinjiang chef. Jinjiang Chef pure restaurant chain brand Jinjiang Inn Co., Ltd. was founded, it is committed to the the Jinjiang high grade dining culture into ordinary diet , and reduce costs through the chain, so the popularity of high-end cuisine, so people can experience the connotation of the Chinese diet. (Zou, 2005). Conclusion: Can be obtained from the above analysis, Jinjiang main advantage of resources that the technical resources, innovative resources and reputation of resources, that intangible resources. Therefore, Jinjiang should focus on the use of its intangible resources to enhance their own status in the budget hotel market. Conclusion Technology market which the mobile phone industry, the hotel industry and tourism market, tangible and intangible resources, analysis and comparison, I have come to the following conclusions, tangible resources are the basis of the intangible resources, intangible resources is the sublimation of physical resources, both of those combined with each other in order to make the company or companies more competitive, with the social progress and the development of resources, many companies have shifted from the tangible resources to the development of intangible resources, tangible resources, most companies will get, but the intangible resources,accumulated by business or the companys long-term thing, others not learn, intangible resources is the fundamental driving force of the development of the company or enterprise, in the mobile phone industry, Apples patented technology in particular attracted worldwide attention, the hotel industry,Although it is an emerging industry, the hotel ind ustry in the past, the emphasis on physical resources and hardware facilities, while ignoring intangible resources, such as the brand, and so, but with the progress of society, many hotels have recognized the importance of intangible resources vigorously develop intangible resources, which will be after the mainstream of enterprise development

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

Solar Energy Essay example -- Environment, Solar Panels, Solar Water S

Solar energy can be used in different ways during the construction of houses in order to conserve energy. Solar energy comes as a gift of nature and this makes it even more economical to use in our buildings. It is not only free but unlike other sources of energy; it also limits the amount of pollution caused to the environment. When building our houses the goal according to David Johnston and Scott Gibson is to create a house that consumes at least fifty-two percent less energy than one built conventionally with a corresponding reduction in the heating and the cooling cost.(Johnston, Gibson 252)This can be done through use of solar panels, solar water systems and photovoltaic. The above all rely on one source: solar energy which comes as a gift of nature. Solar energy can be used to determine different things about our housing,† Solar energy figures out where our houses are to be located, the orientation towards the southern sun, where different rooms are and the size and placement of window overhangs.†(Johnston, Gibson 250)This small factors can determine how heated up our houses are or how easy it will be to cool our houses. It can also determine the amount of lighting that reaches our houses. â€Å"Sizing south glass to capture as much sunlight as possible. Blocking summer sunlight with roof overhangs, shades and trees or vegetation. Choosing building materials for their mass and their potential to store solar heat in winter and to keep houses cooler in the summer.......† (Johnston, Gibson 252) Solar water systems can be used to reduce the amount of energy used in the production of electricity in our homes. It is commonly used in countries like Australia, Japan and China. They are usually made in such a way that they del... ... of the government especially in the developing countries. The governments in some countries are trying to control this problem by giving rebates and tax returns to people who install energy conserving equipment. The cost of their installations may sometimes prove to be a major drawback. However, the actual benefit is realized as the years pass by because the electric bills will decrease significantly. In conclusion, solar energy is being used in production of electricity in our homes. It is also being used in different ways to try to minimize any energy use. There are both the advantages and drawbacks of using this source of energy but the pros usually out do the cons. Solar energy should be viewed as one of the sources of energy that we can rely on the future because unlike other sources, it will never be depleted the only thing we have to do is to apply it.